Governor for internal-combustion motors



May 19, 1925.`

R. HUFFORD GOVERNOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTORS Filed Aug. 22, 192.3

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Patented May 19, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RAYMOND HUFFORD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A'SSIGNORiTO K. P. PRODUCTS COMPANY, INC., OF NEW YORK, N. Y.. A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

GOVERNOR FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTORS.

Application led August 22, 1923. Serial No. 658,832.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, RAYMOND I-IUFFORD, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governors for Internal-Combustion Motors, of which the following is a specific-ation.

My invention relates to governors for internal combustion motors and has for its object to provide a governor for this purpose, which will be more efficient and accurate in its action than these heretofore in use. f

With these and other objects in view, which will be more particularly set forth in the-specification, my invention consists of the novel details of construction and combination of parts hereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings: Figure I is a sectional on theline 1-'1 of Figure II and Figure II is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure I and Figure III is detailed section on the line 3-3 of Figure I. Figure IV is `a section through the neck of a carbureter showing the flange on the carbureter and the ears onA the bottom of the governor. Figure V is an elevation of my governor and the neck or discharge end of the carburcter to which it is attached. Similar numerals designate similar parts on the several views.

My governor is provided with a shell or body 1, having a cylindrical bore 2, the up per or outlet end of which is reduced in diameter to form a restricted throat 3; a spacing collar 4 is mounted in the upper-portion of the bore 2. A spider 5 is mounted in the bore and held in spaced position by spacing sleeve 4 and sleeve 6 which is formed with a contracted throat 7. The spider is provided with a centrally positioned cylinder 8. A guide 9 and cylinder 10 are also formed in the spider. A passage 11 communicates between cylinder l() and cylinder 8. In a threaded recess 12 in the spider4 5 is screwed a bushing 13. The outer end of the bushing 13 is threaded to receive a needle valve 14 provided with a ribbed headl 15 which extends into a box like chamber 16 formed on the body 1.

A pointed pin 17 mounted in a guide chamber 18 is forced into contact wit-hthe head by a spring 19 and serves to maintain the needle valve 14 in the position to which it has been adjusted. Mounted in cylinder 8 is piston 20 having a guide stem 21, the upper end of which is reduced in diameter and threaded to receive a valve 22 which fits loosely in the cylinder 10. A nut 23 serves to secure the valve 22 in position. Ports 24 are formed in the base of the valve 22. The lower end 25 of the piston 2O is reduced in diameter and threaded to receive a head 26. The outer wall of the cylinder 8 is threaded and a nut 27 having gear teeth 28 is mounted thereon. A spring 29, one end of which bears against the nut 27 and the other end against the head 26, tends to thrust the piston downward until the base of the valve is in contact with the bottom of the cylinder 10. The resistance of the spring against the upward movement of the piston 20, the valve 22 and head 26 may be adjusted by the nut 27. A shaft 30 is mounted in suitable bearings in body 1 as shown in Figure II. The shaft 30 is provided with a ribbedl head 31 which extends into the box like chamber 16 and said shaft also'carries a worm 31 which meshes with the teeth 28 on the nut 27. By rotating shaft 30, nut 27 may be conveniently adjusted. A spring 32 bears against the head 31 and locks it against rotation. The box like chamber 16 is rovided with a cover 33.which is secure in position by pin 34. To the spider 5 is secured a cylinder 35 which is positioned in a chamber 36 formed in the shell 1. A small port 37 and a guide 38 are formed in the upper closed end of the cylinder 35. A piston 39 is mounted in the cylinder 35 and is provided withl a. guide stem 40 which pases up through the guide 38. The upper end of the guide stem is screw threaded at 41. A cylindrical supplemental valve 42 fits loosely around thecylinder 10 and is provided with an arm 43 having a bore 44 which is threaded to receive the upper end of the stem 40. A spring 45 is mounted on the stem 40, the lower end bearing against the piston 39 and the upper end a ainst the closed end of the cylinder 35. T e lower end of the piston 39 is slotted as shown at 46 so that by means of a screw driver the resistance of the' spring 45 to the upward movement of the piston 39 may be conveniently re lated. I

The lower end of the cylinder 35 is t readed to receive a threaded plug 47. A cover 48 is mounted on the base ofthe shell 1, a gasket 49 being interposed between the cover 48 and the base of the shell 1. The plug 47, cover 48 and asket 49 are tapped to receive a threaded p ug 50 in which is formed a small dpassage 51. The position of the plug 50 an the passage51 being such that when the lower end of the governor is secured to a carbureter and the upper end to the manifold of a motor by bolts not shown which pass through the ears 522 the lower end of the passage 51 will be 1n communication with the atmosphere outside of the shell 1. 53 is the neck or outlet and 54 is the flange of a carbureter attached to my governor. The throttle valve 55 of the usual butterfly type is mounted in the neck 53 on the spindle 59 on which is secured the angular lever 57. 56 is a stop which prevents the valve 55 being rocked to the completely closed position. 58 is a rod by which the butterfly throttle valve 55 may be manually operated.

The operation of my governor is as follows: When the motor to which the governor is attached is running slowly the passage of the mixture from the carburetor through my governor to the motor will be V comparatively slow and the impact of the closed position,

mixture on the head 26 will not be sufticient to lift the head and the parts to which it is secured because of the resistance of gravity and of the spring 29. The weight of the hea-d 26 and the parts to which it is secured.

and the resistance of the spring 29 as adjusted by the nut 27 are such that when the flow of mixture and its velocity is sufficiently increased by the increase in motor speed the head will be lifted carrying with it piston 20 and the valve 22.

The valve 22 as it rises restricts the throat 3 and thereby not only reduces the flow of the mixture to the motor but causes the pressure above the valve to fall below the pressure within the body of the governor. The pressure beyond the valve 22 is communicated through the passage 11 to the cylinder 8. As the valve 22 is raised this diderence in pressure is rapidly increased and if 'the motor speed is increased the difference in pressure will cause the piston 2O to rise and lift the valve 22 until the throat is nearly closed and further acceleration of the motor prevented. When the valve 22 is in the the clearance between said f valve and the throat 3 is such that a suflicient quantity of mixture may pass the valve to keep the motor running smoothly and prevent missing.

By regulating the needle valve 14 so as to partially close the passage 11 the lifting effect of the piston 20 may be accurately regulated. By regulating the resistance of the spring 19 through the nut 27 the moto-r speed at which the initial closing movement In practical operation, however, I have found that where a manually operated throttle valve is used, such' as is universally supplied with the carburetors in common use and which is uniformly in the discharge -outlet of the carburetor, that when this throttle valve in the carburetor is moved towards the closed position the closing of this throttle valve tends to equalize the pressure on both sides of the valve 22 and thereby prevent such a difference of pressure on opposite sides of the valve 22 as would cause the piston 2O to continue the closing movement of the valve 22 and that when the carbureter throttle valve is nearly closed and the motor is operating under a light load it is possible by skillful manipulation' of the carbureter throttle valve toconsiderably increase the motor speed abovethe speed for which such a governor has been adjusted.

I have successfully prevented this over continue the closing movement and the partial closing of the carbureter throttle valve has so far eq-ualzed the pressure on opposite sides of the valve 22 that the piston 39 cannot longer continue the closing movement, the pressure within the shell 1 below the valve 22 and in the cylinder 36 which is in open communication with the interior of the shell through the passage 37 will fall so far below the atmospheric pressure which is communicated to the lower end of the cylinder 36 through the passage 51' that the negative pressure so crea-ted will cause the piston 39 to rise, carrying with it the supplementary valve 42 to, or near the closed position, in which position it so restricts the discharge throat 3 as to prevent further acceleration of motor speed. The clearance between the supplementary valve 42 and the yis in a partially closed position and the motor speed is at least equal to the speed for which the mechanism by which the valve 22 is operated, has been regulated.

It is apparent that the supplementary valve 42 may be dispensed With and the piston 39 operatively connected with the valve 22, so that the piston 39 may continue the closing movement of thel valve 22 when the throttle valve not shown has been 'so close-fl that the pressure on opposite sides of the..

valve 22 has been equalized to such an extent as to prevent the 'piston 20 from properly continuing such closing movement of said valve 22.

Claims:

l. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination a body, a passage and port in said body through which explosive mixture may pass from a source of supply to a motor, a primary valve, adjustablevautomatic means adapted to move said valve toward said port, a supplementary valve and independent automatic means adapted to move said supplementary valve toward said port.

2. A governor for internal combustion motors com rising in combination a body, a passage an a port in said body through Which explosive mixture may pass from a source of supply to a motor, a valve mounted in operative relation to said port, automatic means adapted to move said valve toward said port when a predetermined motor speed has been exceeded, a supplementary valve mounted in operative relation to said port and independent automatic means actuated by the negative pressure in said passage adapted to move said supplementary valve toward said port.

3. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination a body, a passage and port in said body through Whichexplosive mixture may pass from a source of supply to a motor, a valve, automatic means adapted to move said valve toward said port Whe-n a predetermined motor speed has been exceeded, a supplementary valve and Aindependent automatici means actuated b v negative pressure in said passage adapted to move said supplementary valve toward said port and manually adjustable regulating means adapted to regulate the negative pressure required to render said independent automatic `means active.

4. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination a body, a passage and a port in said body through which explosive mixture may pass from a source of supply to -a motor, a valve, mount.- ed` in operative relation to said port, automatic means adapted to move said valve to# Ward said port when a predetermined motor speed has been exceeded, a supplementary valve mounted in operative relation to said port 1 and independent means adapted to move said second valve toward said port when a predetermined negative pressure has been created in said passage.

5. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination a body, a passage and port in said body through which explosive mixture may pass from a source oi supply to a motor, a valve, automatic means adapted to move said valve toward said port When a predetermined motor speed has been exceeded, a supplementary valve and independent automatic means adapted to move said valve toward said port when a predetermined negative pressure has been created in said passage and manually adjustable means for varying the negative pressure required to render said independent automatic means active.

6. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination a body, a passage and a port in said body through which explosive mixture may pass from a source of supply to a motor, a valve mounted in operative relation to said port, automatic means adapted to move saidvalve toward said port When a predetermined motor speed has been exceeded,c a supplementary valve, mounted in operative relation to said port, a cylinder, one end of which is in open communication with said passage and the other end With the air outside of said governor and a piston in said cylinder connected to said supplementary valve.

7. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination a body,-

a passage and port in said body through which explosive mixture may pass from a source of supply to a motor, a valve, automatic means adapted to move said valve toward said port when a predetermined motor speed has been exceeded, a supplementaryT valve, a cylinder, one end of which is in open communication with said passage and the other end with the open air outside of said governor, a piston in said cylinder operatively connected to said supplementary valve, a spring adapted to resist the closing movement of said /valve and manual means for regulating the resistance of said spring.

8. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination a body, a passage and port in said body through Which explosive mixture may pass from a source of supply to a motor, a guide cylinder of substantially the same internal diameter as said port, a primary valve mounted in said guide cylinder, primary automatic means adapted to partially close said valve and secondary automatic means actuated by the diilerence in pressure on opposite sides 1f of said valve adapted to continue such closing movement, a supplementary cylindrical valve mounted externally concentric to said guide cylinder and independent autoi'natic means actuated by negative pressure in said passa e adapted to move said'supplementary cylin rical valve toward said port.

9.A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination a body, a passage and port in said body through which explosive mixture may pass from a source of supply to a motor, a guide cylinder of substantially the same internal diameter as said port, a primary valve mounted in said guide cylinder, primary automatic means adapted to partially close said valve and secondary automatic means actuated by the difference in pressure on opposite sides of said valve adapted to continue such closing movement, a supplementary cylindrical valve mounted externally concentric to said guide cylinder, a second cylinder, one end of which is in o en communication with said passage and t e other end with the air outside of said governor and a piston in said second cylinder operatively connected to said supplementary cylindrical valve.

10. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination a body, a passage and port in said body through which explosive mixture may pass froma source of supply to a motor, a rimary valve, adjustable automatic means at' apted to move said valve toward said port, a supplementary valve and independent automatic means adapted to move said supplementary valve toward said port, when said primary valve fails to limit the motor speed to the speed for which the automatic adjustable means by which said primary valve is actuated, has

been adjusted.

11. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination a body, a passage and port in said body through which explosive mixture may pass from a source of supply to a motor, a primary valve l mounted inoperative relation to said port,

. which explosive mixture may pass from a source of supply to a motor, a primary valve mounted in operative relation to said port, automatic means to move 'said valve toward said port when a predetermined motor speed has been exceeded, a manually operated throttle valve interposed between the source of explosive mixture supply and the governor, a supplementary valve, mounted in opi erative relation to said port and means actuated by negative pressure in said passage adapted to move said supplementary valve toward said port.

13. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination a bod a passage and port in said body throug which explosive mixture may pass from a source of supply to a motor, a primary valve, mounted in operative relation to said port, automatic means to movesaid valve toward said port, when a predetermined motor speed has een exceeded, a manually operated lthrottle, valve interposed between the source of explosive mixture supply and the governor, a supplementary valye, mounted in operative relation to said port, and adjustable means actuated by negative ressure in said passage adapted to move sai supplementary valve toward said port.

14. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising governing means, automatic operating means connected to said governing means adapted to be actuated by impact thereon of mixture passing through the governor, independent automatic operating means connected to said governing means adapted to be actuated by a dili'erence in pressure on op site sides. of said governing means and in ependent automatic operating means connected to said governing means adapted to be actuated by a negative pressure wthinthe governor.

15. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising governing means, automatic operating means -connected to4 said.

governing means adapted to be actuated by impact t ereon of mixture passing throng the governor, independent automatic operating means adapted to be actuated by a diference in pressure on opposite sides of said governing means, independent automatic operating means connected to said governing means adapt-ed to be actuated by a negative pressure within the overnor, and means for regulatingthe activity of each of said operating means.

16. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination governing means and means for operating said gov` erning means adapted to be actuated by'impact of the mixture passing through the governor, by a difference in pressure on opposite sides of the governing means and by negative pressure within the governor.

17. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination a passage and port through which explosive mixture governing means lmounted. in operative relation to said port means for moving said means connected to said governing h may passlfrom a source of supply to a motor, 1

the governor, by a difference in pressure on opposite sides of said governing means and by negative pressure within the governor.

18. A governor for internal'combustion motors comprising in combination a passage and port through -which explosive mixture may pass from a source of supply to a motor and automatic governing means adapted to regulate the effective area ofv said. port and to be actuated successively by impact thereon of mixture traveling through said passave, by a diierence in pressure on opposite si es of said governing means and by negaactive adapted to govern the effective area of said port actuated by impact of the mixture traveling through said passage, by the difference in pressure on opposite sides of said governingmeans and by negative pressure in said passage.

l20. A governor for internal combustion motors comprising in combination govern- 4ingmeans actuated by a difference in the pressurel upon opposite sides of the governing means and the auxiliary governing means actuated by the diii'erential between the pressure Within said governor and atmospheric pressure. p

21. A governor for -internal combustion motors comprising in combination .a body a, passage in said body through which mixture may pass to' a motor and primary, secstrieting the flow of mixture through such passage. v

RAYMOND HUFFORD.

'ondary and tertiary automatic means for rel 

